Psychological testing Wikipedia. Psychological testing refers to the administration of psychological tests. A psychological test is an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior. The term sample of behavior refers to an individuals performance on tasks that have usually been prescribed beforehand. The samples of behavior that make up a paper and pencil test, the most common type of test, are a series of items. Performance on these items produce a test score. A score on a well constructed test is believed to reflect a psychological construct such as achievement in a school subject, cognitive ability, aptitude, emotional functioning, personality, etc. Differences in test scores are thought to reflect individual differences in the construct the test is supposed to measure. The technical term for the science behind psychological testing is psychometrics. Psychological testseditA psychological test is an instrument designed to measure unobserved constructs, also known as latent variables. Psychological tests are typically, but not necessarily, a series of tasks or problems that the respondent has to solve. Psychological tests can strongly resemble questionnaires, which are also designed to measure unobserved constructs, but differ in that psychological tests ask for a respondents maximum performance whereas a questionnaire asks for the respondents typical performance. A useful psychological test must be both valid i. It is important that people who are equal on the measured construct also have an equal probability of answering the test items correctly. For example, an item on a mathematics test could be In a soccer match two players get a red card how many players are left in the end however, this item also requires knowledge of soccer to be answered correctly, not just mathematical ability. Group membership can also influence the chance of correctly answering items differential item functioning. Often tests are constructed for a specific population, and this should be taken into account when administering tests. If a test is invariant to some group difference e. England it does not automatically mean that it is also invariant in another population e. Japan. Psychological assessment is similar to psychological testing but usually involves a more comprehensive assessment of the individual. Psychological assessment is a process that involves checking the integration of information from multiple sources, such as tests of normal and abnormal personality, tests of ability or intelligence, tests of interests or attitudes, as well as information from personal interviews. Collateral information is also collected about personal, occupational, or medical history, such as from records or from interviews with parents, spouses, teachers, or previous therapists or physicians. This cohort study investigates the association between neurodevelopment at 4. Forskningsbasert klinisk praksis handler dypest sett om faglig fordypning som gjr klinikeren i stand til vurdere empiri kritisk og vurdere effekten av. Information for psychiatrists and families about developmental, behavioral, emotional, and mental disorders affecting children and adolescents. Psychological testing refers to the administration of psychological tests. A psychological test is an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior. The ASEBA approach originated in the 1960s with Dr. Achenbachs efforts to develop a more. Articles/271838/fpsyt-08-00138-HTML/image_m/fpsyt-08-00138-g002.jpg' alt='Manual For The Aseba School-Age Forms And Profiles' title='Manual For The Aseba School-Age Forms And Profiles' />A psychological test is one of the sources of data used within the process of assessment usually more than one test is used. Many psychologists do some level of assessment when providing services to clients or patients, and may use for example, simple checklists to osis for treatment settings to assess a particular area of functioning or disability often for school settings to help select type of treatment or to assess treatment outcomes to help courts decide issues such as child custody or competency to stand trial or to help assess job applicants or employees and provide career development counseling or training. Ben 10 Games For Windows 7. Historyedit. Physiognomy was used to assess personality traits based on an individuals outer appearance. Mediatek Usb Vcom Drivers Windows 7. Call Of Duty Ghosts Serial Key Generator. The first large scale mental test may have been the imperial examination system in China. The test, an early form of psychological testing, assessed candidates based on their proficiency in topics such as civil law and fiscal policies. Other early tests of intelligence were made for entertainment rather than analysis. Modern mental testing began in France in the 1. It contributed to separating mental retardation from mental illness and reducing the neglect, torture, and ridicule heaped on both groups. Englishman Francis Galton coined the terms psychometrics and eugenics, and developed a method for measuring intelligence based on nonverbal sensory motor tests. It was initially popular, but was abandoned after the discovery that it had no relationship to outcomes such as college grades. French psychologist Alfred Binet, together with psychologists Victor Henri and Thodore Simon, after about 1. Binet Simon test in 1. It was intended to identify mental retardation in school children. The origins of personality testing date back to the 1. These early pseudoscientific techniques were eventually replaced with more empirical methods in the 2. One of the earliest modern personality tests was the Woolworth Personality Data Sheet, a self report inventory developed for World War I and used for the psychiatric screening of new draftees. PrincipleseditProper psychological testing is conducted after vigorous research and development in contrast to quick web based or magazine questionnaires that say Find out your Personality Color, or Whats your Inner Age Proper psychological testing consists of the following Standardization All procedures and steps must be conducted with consistency and under the same environment to achieve the same testing performance from those being tested. Objectivity Scoring such that subjective judgments and biases are minimized, with results for each test taker obtained in the same way. Test Norms The average test score within a large group of people where the performance of one individual can be compared to the results of others by establishing a point of comparison or frame of reference. Reliability Obtaining the same result after multiple testing. Validity The type of test being administered must measure what it is intended to measure. Interpreting scoreseditPsychological tests, like many measurements of human characteristics, can be interpreted in a norm referenced or criterion referenced manner. Norms are statistical representations of a population. A norm referenced score interpretation compares an individuals results on the test with the statistical representation of the population. In practice, rather than testing a population, a representative sample or group is tested. This provides a group norm or set of norms. One representation of norms is the Bell curve also called normal curve. Norms are available for standardized psychological tests, allowing for an understanding of how an individuals scores compare with the group norms. Norm referenced scores are typically reported on the standard score z scale or a rescaling of it. A criterion referenced interpretation of a test score compares an individuals performance to some criterion other than performance of other individuals. For example, the generic school test typically provides a score in reference to a subject domain a student might score 8. Criterion referenced score interpretations are generally more applicable to achievement tests rather than psychological tests. Often, test scores can be interpreted in both ways answering 8. There are several broad categories of psychological tests IQachievement testseditIQ tests purport to be measures of intelligence, while achievement tests are measures of the use and level of development of use of the ability. IQ or cognitive tests and achievement tests are common norm referenced tests.